If you are sexually active, regular STI testing can help you get treatment quickly if you need it and avoid spreading gonorrhea. But correctly using protection, such as latex or polyurethane condoms and dental dams, can reduce your risk of getting gonorrhea (and other STIs). Outside of not having sex, there’s no fool-proof method for avoiding gonorrhea. “For those with vaginal, urethral, or anal infection, getting retested at three months after an infection is recommended,” Dr. Follow-up tests are also a big part of staying safe. The CDC recommends abstaining from sex until seven days after you and your partner have completed treatment. If they have it, they could request expedited partner treatment (EPT), which allows your medical provider to send treatment to your partner without evaluating them personally. It’s also important for all of your sexual partners within the preceding 60 days of diagnosis to get tested. The CDC recommends this particular antibiotic because certain strains of gonorrhea are resistant to oral antibiotics 5.Īnyone diagnosed with oral gonorrhea should be retested 7 to 14 days after treatment because it can be challenging to get rid of 6, Dr. Testicular pain: Sometimes, people with penises have testicular pain and swelling, which happens when a gonorrheal infection leads to inflammation at the back of the testicle, called epididymitis, according to the Cleveland Clinic.Īfter confirming that you have gonorrhea, you’ll most likely need an antibiotic called ceftriaxone, which is typically given through intramuscular injection, says Dr.Persistent throat pain and redness: It’s easy to shrug this off as a common cold or flu symptom, but you can actually contract gonorrhea in your throat from oral sex.Anal discomfort: “Infection in the anus from gonorrhea can cause anal itching, discharge, soreness, bleeding, and painful bowel movements,” Anne-Marie Amies Oelschlager, MD, a pediatric and adolescent gynecologist at Seattle Children’s Hospital and professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Washington School of Medicine, tells SELF.Spotting can happen for many reasons, many of which aren’t harmful, but breakthrough bleeding can also indicate a cervical infection, or cervicitis, which can be caused by gonorrhea. “Someone may just assume their irregular spotting is related to a period issue,” Dr. Spotting between your period, which is easy to overlook.In people with penises, penile discharge is typically green, white, or yellow when affected by gonorrhea, according to the CDC. “You might have increased discharge with or without odor that may be bloody or yellowish,” Dr. Vaginal discharge is generally clear or whitish, and any changes, such as a yellow color, or thicker consistency, can point to a medical issue. People with vaginas “may think they have a yeast infection and try over-the-counter medications when in fact this can be a sign of gonorrhea,” Dr. An increase in vaginal discharge, which can be mistaken for other infections.Pain during urination, which can feel like a burning sensation, may occur on its own or along with cloudy, milky pee, according to the Cleveland Clinic.Below are gonorrhea symptoms to watch for:
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Craig also wondered if Newman is an enigma wrapped in a riddle or a Twinkie, and they both thought Twinkie. He wondered if either of them have dated and dumped a woman out of their league, to which Rob laughed. Amir also noted that Jerry does have a problem with dry cleaners.Ĭraig thought Newman had his most complete story in this episode. Amir thought Julie should have known handing the big salad to Elaine would mean she was taking credit. He also asked what ever happened to Gendason, to which Akiva thought it probably mirrored the OJ thing. Johnny De Silveira offered some insight to the Miss America winners. Lastly, they thought Kramer deserved a B+. Akiva thought George deserved an A-, while Rob thought a B+. They thought Jerry deserved a B, and Elaine deserved a D, since it didn’t go anywhere. Both cast their letter grades on each of the core four. They all could have followed the Gendason situation on the internet, and DNA evidence would have sunk Gendason.Īkiva gave the episode a ranking of 95, feeling it was more enjoyable the first watch. In 2016, there would be only be a couple things that would be different. Akiva wondered if Rob was a museum guy, but Rob has never been predisposed to them. Next they talked about the correlation between this episode and the OJ Simpson ordeal that happened the summer prior to this airing. First they discussed how the writers of the show must have had a hard time with the string of new girlfriends Jerry and George have each episode. There were several great tangents by Akiva and Rob this week. He makes amends by driving the getaway car for Gendason, a scene exactly like the OJ Simpson car chase. Kramer feels guilty for putting Gendason in the mindset to commit this crime. Later on in the episode, Jerry sees a news report about how Gendason murdered a dry cleaner after getting in an argument over a stained garment. Gendason violated a rule, so Kramer gave him a penalty stroke, which enraged Gendason, causing a huge argument. Kramer’s story starts with him describing an argument he had with his golf partner, former baseball player Steve Gendason. Eventually, Elaine decides to buy the pencil somewhere else, really letting down the creepy salesman to the point he guilts her into going on a date with him. The salesman calls Jerry’s several times to give meaningless updates about his progress on the pen, but she ducks every call. When the creepy salesman at the stationary store tries to hit on her and get her number, she gives Jerry’s number to thwart him off. Pitt to find a specific mechanical pencil. Elaine complains to Julie about how George wanted credit for the salad purchase, causing Julie to break up with him.Įlaine is tasked by Mr. In a later scene, George tells Elaine how he actually bought the salad, though Elaine is not impressed at all. In an effort to impress her, he buys Elaine a big salad at Monk’s, though he can’t let it go when Julie takes credit for the purchase when giving it to Elaine. George is dating a sophisticated woman named Julie, who’s interests are far different than his. Newman takes every opportunity to needle Jerry about this, which further turns off Jerry, leading him to break it off with Margaret. He can’t let this go, learning from Newman that he just didn’t find her pretty enough, souring Jerry on Margaret altogether to the point he can’t even kiss her. Things turn further worse when he learns that Margaret once dated Newman, but he dumped her. In this episode, Jerry dates a woman Margaret, but after seeing George and his new girlfriend trying so hard, he feels like dating is too embarrassing, so he wants to avoid go outside with her. He also mentioned how he thought a spin off with Jackie Childs, or the Seinfeld and Costanza parents would have been great. Julia Louis-Dreyfus turned 55 this week, and Jason Alexander appeared on The Nerdist Podcast, where he discussed the unique contract negotiations the cast had between season eight and nine. The episode was written by the Larry David.įirst Akiva shared this week’s Seinfeld news. This week, they took on “The Big Salad”, which first aired Septemas part of season six. Rob Cesternino and Akiva Wienerkur were glad that Newman never dated their wives so they could discuss this week’s recap of the latest episode in their run through the Seinfeld series. Listen to the Podcast: Rob Cesternino and Akiva Wienerkur continue their journey to watch every Seinfeld episode as they discuss Season 6, Episode 2, “The Big Salad.” Latest version (2004-2009 Mike Matsnev) solved my thumbnail problem (Invalid byte error) in Win XP. The concensus of opinion appears to be Haali Media Splitter is a necessary component for smooth MKV playback. Split, To split your audio, simply move the slider anywhere on the Timeline and click on the Split tool. It does not offer any advanced features, however, and it features a plain user interface that looks very outdated. Ive worked with codecs for awhile, but Ill honestly admit I dont know what a 'splitter' does. How to Split Audio: Upload your audio files, Upload your audio to VEED you can drag and drop them into the Timeline. To conclude, FLAC Splitter Software is a handy utility that provides you with a quick and easy way to split large FLAC files into multiple parts. If looks are not particularly important to you, however, this should not be a major issue. Sadly, the application is rather disappointing from a visual standpoint, as the user interface is very out of date. Outdated interface that is not likely to impress most users However, the application does not allow you to split the files into multiple identical parts based on size.Īlso, you cannot listen to the tracks before processing them or add fade in and fade out effects. You can specify how long the output files should be, either by selecting one of the available values or entering a custom one. Easy-to-use tool that offers a rather limited array of features Moreover, it is possible to select a certain folder where you store your music and have the application import all the contained FLAC files automatically. You can add as many items as you like to the processing queue, and the program even supports drag and drop. If you need to cut a large number of files into multiple parts, FLAC Splitter Software is a great choice. Handy splitting utility that supports batch processing It is easy to use and can process several items at once, but it would benefit from a modernized user interface. It support mp3, wma, aac, wav, cda, ogg, flac, ape, cue, m4a, ra, ram, ac3, mp2, aiff. However, these files can be quite a bit larger than their MP3 equivalents, which is why a splitting tool can come in handy.įLAC Splitter Software is a simple application that enables you to divide FLAC files into multiple parts. Audio Splitter Freeware is the best software for Split Audio file. If your browser clears the cookies, you’ll need to log in again.The FLAC audio format is very popular among audiophiles who do not wish to compromise on quality. Stem Separator and make sure you have cookies enabled in your browser. Please log in here before using the Audio If you're a Paid user and you're seeing this message, it means you're not Click here if you want to upgrade to unlimited access.Pro Accounts can upload unlimited 100MB files and can download the output as.MP3 Accounts can upload unlimited 50MB files and can download the output as.Free users have a limit of one 5MB file upload per day and can download the output as.Yes, limits apply based on whether you're a Free user or a Paid user, as follows: Does the Audio Stem Separator have any usage limits? Separated output files through your Maztr account or using our Audio File Cleaner if you don't Occasionally, artifacts or audio crossover can be heard on some tracks, however you may be able to clean up some imperfections by mastering the Some people call the process of removing vocals the Karaoke effect, which allows the resulting instrumental track to be used for Karaoke purposes. Tempo, loop a melody or replace an element with something new to create a unique sound. Stems allow you to repurpose elements from one track to use in another. Remixes or generally boost your musical creativity. Why do I need Audio Stems?Īudio stems can help you create karaoke tracks, isolate an instrument for music practise or tuition, collaborate with other artists, create music Tracks, also known as split tracks or simply stems, will typically be stereo audio files containing the isolated components of each particular element.Įach stem track will have the identical length, starting point and audio file type of the original mix track. You may zoom in or out to split the audio more efficiently. Once uploaded, select the part of the file you want to split. Our tool will take a few seconds to process the audio track. Stem Separation splits the final mix of an audio track into its discrete audio elements, such as vocals, drums, bass and piano. Choose the audio file you want to split from your device. Here, we’re looking at paper stock being added to the printer, the control centre (showing the fifth spot ink and C, M, Y, K inks) and the finishing unit showing stacked printed output. Printing begins, with a keen eye on ink flow rates at the control station. Each front colour plate is loaded and wrapped around the plate cylinder on the respective printing units on the litho printer. Two print passes are needed, one for the top of the sheet using front plates, and one for the back using back plates. Rollers supply water and ink to the Plate cylinder. Instead, the ink is transferred to a Blanket cylinder which is sandwiched between Plate and Impression cylinders and then pressed onto the fed paper. The term “offset” means that the Plate cylinder (housing a plate rolled around it) doesn’t come into direct contact with the paper to be printed on. The Affinity team all check these proofs carefully, and when we are happy we tell the printers to proceed with our print run.Įach printing unit contains several cylinders, the most notable being the Plate, Blanket and Impression cylinders. This unique white-cover workbook (bottom left of iMac below) is much sought after here at Serif HQ! We also receive a scatter proof of the cover (the sheets) along with an electronic PDF for on-screen proofing (on screen). Prepress is also responsible for proofing, which takes the ripped output as it would appear on the plate but, instead, creates a bound hardcopy print which is sent to us for proofing. “…we would always recommend a scatter proof produced on a litho press rather than trying to compare colour to that seen on screen.” Proofing “Not at all, but we would always recommend a scatter proof produced on a litho press rather than trying to compare colour to that seen on screen.” Although PDF/X4 itself can cause issues (everything is locked down and some systems don’t like it).” Should a user worry about CMYK colour profile choice? Also, flatten all PDFs – no layers, and of course embed all fonts.” CMYK and PDF/X4 all the way then? Complex Illustrator graphics cause massive issues-view in keyline to see complexity and flatten or convert to raster image to resolve. Convert PMS colours to CMYK-unless these are required as a special colour. “Ensure you use high-quality images and ensure you create bleed where necessary. Missing or incomplete cutter guides (when used).” What is the best advice you could give designers and artists if they plan to create artwork for print? With bound covers, single pages where spreads are required (with spines) when roll folded-we need spreads with allowance for roll folding (reduce each panel). “Poor Quality-low-resolution images, no bleed, no embedded fonts, spreads when single pages are required. We asked John, The ESP Operations Manager, about some tips when submitting artwork to prepress… What are the most common challenges you find with submitted print artwork? Imposed sheets from the ‘Elegance’ project Tips on preparing your artwork for print Ripping: The print job is then processed as a PDF in readiness for plate setting. Imposition: They then create imposed PDFs from our supplied PDF (see image below) to maximise print efficiency and minimise plate usage-less print time + less plates = less cost! Quality control: They check our PDF artwork for low-resolution images, CMYK colour space, colour profiling, and bleed settings. We send our finished artwork over to the Prepress team at ESP, who then perform the following tasks: Many thanks to them for lifting the curtain on the printing process and giving up their valuable time. The Affinity Workbook team dropped in on our print partner (ESP Colour, Swindon, UK) to see our German language Workbooks hit the press and find out how it is done. When the writing and art-working was complete (and signed off!), the next stage began-the print run. We also worked with some amazing photographers and digital artists from all around the world to bring you the rest of the projects-so a big thank you goes to Emi Haze, Timothy Poulton, Jordan Gaunce, Mark Ivkovic, Paolo Limoncelli, Bodo Bertuleit, Steven Randolph and Johny Åkerlund. Sean Power, from our QA team, worked through the book to check it was all up to scratch as well as checking all the downloadable content worked to follow along with the tutorials. Ian also worked on the art-working of the book, along with another of our creative team, Ian Upcott. Neil, along with Ian Cornwall from our creative team, directed the overall look and feel of the book. James also contributed a project to the book, as did our Art Director, Neil Ladkin. The Affinity Photo Workbook has been edited and written by our Head of Documentation Andy Capstick, with technical writing support from our in-house photo expert James Ritson. Jordan Gaunce's 'Grilled Cheese Pull' project featured in the Affinity Photo Workbook However, I decided to wait to see if the info I provided in my original message was enough to find a solution here. I actually considered doing that, and I did look at the various logs. To have people on this forum help diagnose the problem with the original guest you might consider posting a compressed (zipped) copy of the VB log of one of these guest freezes. Thanks in advance to anyone who can help. dmg image, so that I can at least save my "SheepShaver" folder? I found a notice for the update online at an aggregated software website.Īny suggestions would be greatly appreciated.įor example, is there a way to convert a. vdi image, it is a totally lost cause.īTW, just today, a day after all of this began, I upgraded to VirtualBox 5.0.6, but it has not helped.Īlso, the 5.0.6 update did not show up when I used the "Check for Updates" feature. So, unless I can fix my current Mountain Lion VM, or somehow extract the entire "SheepShaver" folder from the "Applications" folder in the actual Mountain Lion. dmg file is located, is in the "SheepShaver" folder, in "Applications", in my Mountain Lion VM setup. If this is not possible, then I have an even bigger problem, because the ONLY place where my SheepShaver startup hard disk. Likewise, is there a way that I can run Disk Utility from the Mountain Lion install DVD, in order to determine if it can find anything wrong with the current Mountain Lion installation that is in the VM? So, basically, what I am asking is this: Is there a way to start my Mountain Lion VM from the Mountain Lion install DVD, so that I can re-install Mountain Lion on top of the current ML installation, and thus hopefully fix whatever is causing the freeze-ups? The VM just shuts down, and it shows in the VM list as having been aborted. I discovered that if I let the Mountain Lion VM load to the login screen, and then hold down the option key and click on the "Restart" button that is located on the lower portion of the login screen window - as we would do on a physical Mac - that doesn't work. The problem is that I don't know how to accomplish this, or in fact if it is even possible to do so. So, being as the two-minute freeze-up prevents me from analyzing anything, I thought that the easiest solution would be to try to reinstall OS X Mountain Lion 10.8 on top of the current ML installation that is already in the VM, using the Mountain Lion install DVD, which I in fact made when I first installed Mountain Lion in VirtualBox. The issue seems to be within Mountain Lion itself. It seems to start up, run and load VM's just fine. The fact that the freeze-up occurs so quickly is frustrating to say the least, because it leaves me a very small window of time to even try to figure out what is wrong.Īs far as I can tell, the problem is not VirtualBox itself. I just log in to ML, and then it freezes up about two minutes later. This occurs when I am doing absolutely nothing in the guest. Suddenly, for no apparent reason, every time I start the Mountain Lion VM, and within about two minutes time after I log in - even before I launch SheepShaver - Mountain Lion totally freezes up. Other than SheepShaver, I only have the following installed:Įverything was fine until yesterday. This setup is used primarily to run SheepShaver, so that I can run my old Mac Classic BBS, and an old FTP server. I have been successfully running OS X Mountain Lion 10.8.5 as a guest inside of VirtualBox 5.0.4 for several weeks now on an iMac (24-inch, Early 2009), with a 3.06 GHz Intel Core 2 Duo processor, that runs El Capitan 10.11 final. Prerequisitesīefore proceeding with this tutorial, you should have a basic understanding of C programming language, text editor, and execution of programs, etc. This tutorial is designed for Computer Science graduates as well as Software Professionals who are willing to learn data structures and algorithm programming in simple and easy steps.Īfter completing this tutorial you will be at intermediate level of expertise from where you can take yourself to higher level of expertise. All pair shortest path by Floyd-Warshall.The following computer problems can be solved using Data Structures − Update − Algorithm to update an existing item in a data structure.ĭelete − Algorithm to delete an existing item from a data structure. Insert − Algorithm to insert item in a data structure. Album ds v10.4 setup download Programs for query album ds pro setup download MyProPhotobook Download MyProPhotobook helps you create and design your own beautifully handcrafted photo books. Sort − Algorithm to sort items in a certain order. Album DS Design Software is the perfect design solution for albums of any style, magazine, coffee table, flush mount and even matted albums. Search − Algorithm to search an item in a data structure. an algorithm can be implemented in more than one programming language.įrom the data structure point of view, following are some important categories of algorithms − Algorithms are generally created independent of underlying languages, i.e. Applications of Data Structure and AlgorithmsĪlgorithm is a step-by-step procedure, which defines a set of instructions to be executed in a certain order to get the desired output. Data can be organized in a data structure in such a way that all items may not be required to be searched, and the required data can be searched almost instantly. To solve the above-mentioned problems, data structures come to rescue. Multiple requests − As thousands of users can search data simultaneously on a web server, even the fast server fails while searching the data. Processor speed − Processor speed although being very high, falls limited if the data grows to billion records. As data grows, search will become slower. If the application is to search an item, it has to search an item in 1 million(10 6) items every time slowing down the search. Why to Learn Data Structure and Algorithms?Īs applications are getting complex and data rich, there are three common problems that applications face now-a-days.ĭata Search − Consider an inventory of 1 million(10 6) items of a store. This tutorial will give you a great understanding on Data Structures needed to understand the complexity of enterprise level applications and need of algorithms, and data structures. Almost every enterprise application uses various types of data structures in one or the other way. PDF Version Quick Guide Resources Job Search Discussionĭata Structures are the programmatic way of storing data so that data can be used efficiently. I see that I cannot select DeepPrime denoise when customizing it. Is this what Export as DNG allows me to do?įor testing, I've cropped a file and exported as a (linear) DNG file with the PL5. I don't need to keep a 35mb uncropped raw file around, if I can keep a 5mb cropped raw file instead. Remember that I am a hobbyist, not a pro. I read the PDF about Linear DNG but it didn't answer my questions well enough. Sorry if I was over-descriptive in the OP. Thanks everyone! I am trying to ask about the feature of PL5 that allows you to export as (linear) DNG. Reducing or eliminating the need to cull in DXO. You can rate/cull in FRV and then select the images you want to process in DXO and drag them into a DXO project for processing. It is very modestly priced and would enable you to do the culling far more efficiently as FRV is the only viewer I know that actually shows you the raw histogram so that you can actually see if you have blown pixels, and enables you to make the best section of shots to process. Perhaps I won't too but I want to understand it while I'm exploring a transition to PL5.įor your workflow I would suggest that you consider replacing Faststone with FastRawViwer There is a feature of PL that I'm trying to understand. A very few need some additional work in Sharpen AI and/or Affinity, but those are very much the exceptions (transfers are via TIFFs). I bracket my shots and, at minimum, delete two of every three images shotĪlmost all of my images go from raw to final JPEG in PL. I'd love to do everything in PL5 but it lacks some important functions for me, such as side-by-side comparisons. Why wouldn't you do everything in PL5? What's the purpose of producing DNGs? I hope I'm on the right track so I can fully commit to Photolab. This would allow me to archive my original RAF files. Open newly created Linear DNG, make further changes. Make other necessary changes (what are they?). I suspect that the answer I seek incorporates: Open RAF in Photolab. I haven't explored what this means, so I wonder what it means! I have exported a few Linear DNG files and I see that I get an icon on the thumbnail display, indicating "Some corrections are not available with Linear DNG files". Bear in mind that a typical bird-in-flight photo could be 80% or more sky to be cropped away. I want to determine what I should do in this initial processing stage before exporting. I have a vague idea that I'll get improved results if I copy RAF files directly to my hard drive, cull them, use Photolab for a bit of processing including crop, then export to Linear DNG. (Note these steps were all previously performed within the subscription software I am leaving!) Then I compare and cull images in Faststone Image Viewer. I am trying to determine whether DxO's linear DNG files should be incorporated into my workflow.Ĭurrently I convert Fujifilm RAF files into DNG format with Adobe's DNG converter while copying to my hard drive. That means that I generally crop heavily to frame my subjects to my liking. I am a hobbyist wildlife photographer, primarily bird photography. My only remaining task is to develop a RAW workflow with DxO Photolab 5 for processing my Fujifilm raw files. I can practically smell the air at the finish line. I am on the verge of finally leaving behind subscription software. Slowing time will give you an advantage for picking up stronger weapons and letting you decimate your opponents. You need to stay on the move by rolling, dodging, and diving to get away from or close the gap between you and your opponent. If you see your opponent going for a better weapon than you have, then make your way to them to save your precious health. You can select as many bots as you want to popular a level, then see who comes out on top. Finishing each challenge will unlock a new player’s skin. In stage mode, you unlock new stages by winning each tier.Survival mode puts you up against an almost endless wave of bot enemies and you must survive as many waves as possible.To take cover, press yourself up against cover by pressing once again in the direction of the cover The Different Modes In Super Fighters game.To use a grenade, pick one up and hold down the “,” key.To replace your gun, crouch on top of the one you want and press the melee key.After picking up a gun, you hold M, then use the up and down arrows to aim.Pressing down while sprinting will make your character dive.Double-tapping left, or right makes your character sprint at the cost of stamina.Holding down and moving left or right will make your character roll in that direction.Holding the down key makes your character crouch.The left and right directional keys move your character.However, becoming the best fighter means you have to learn starts from the basics Learning The Controls of Super Fightersīefore jumping in the game, select the third option: Tutorial. After that you are ready to rock in Super Fighters 2.It’s time to play Super Fighters, one of the most intense fighting games on the internet today. Next are rolling, sprinting, diving, melee attacks, shooting with a gun and shooting with an assault rifle. Then you will learn to jump with the up key and to crouch with the down key. If you start the game you will begin with a warm up, just use the left and right arrows to move. There is also super fighters deluxe, a paid and upgraded version of super fighters. The effect quality, the sound volume and you can edit the controls used in the game. In the setup menu you can change the graphics quality from low to high. This is the sequel of super fighters 1 where you could play against AI opponents, in super fighters 2 you can play against your friends with the 2 player mode. You can set the number of bots you will fight in super fighters 2. There are different game modus, 1 or 2 players, vs mode, practice mode. You can upgrade your weapons like the hand pistol or shotgun or even buy an automatic weapon. In the setup menu you can change the graphics. In this 2D free roaming shooting/fighting game you must kill all your opponents. There are different game modus, 1 or 2 players, vs mode, practice mode. Super Fighters 2 is a street fighter like game move in jump kick punch spin kick and pull off your super move to finish off your opponent. Tower Defense Bomberman Shoot and Throw Fly and Shoot Run And Shoot Arena Fight The Rockmen are a good example of how bland FTL can be and, while I understand that resources needed to be carefully weighted during development, the game could have really benefitted from some stronger characterization of the various involved factions.įTL is a game of turns and panic, of exhilaration and triumph and everything is built around incredibly simple mechanics. I rush the rest of my crew in order to stop them, trying to keep three in the fight at the same time while another one recuperates in the infirmary (yes, I have once again powered it up) but I am losing the battle and I know it. Only now do I notice the teleporter the Rebels have and I am suddenly terrified, as two enemies quickly kill one of my crew members and begin destroying the shield system he was manning. I fire the missile, which ignores shielding, in order to knock out the weapons subsystem of the enemy, while waiting for my laser to get to full power, but my entire battle plan is quickly ripped to pieces when I am alerted that enemies are on my vessel. I take power out of the sickbay and the oxygen production center (I really need to upgrade my power plant) and re-route it towards weapons, which allows me to begin using both my rocket launcher and my burst laser. Out of the meteor cloud a ship appears, quickly revealing itself to be part of the Rebel fleet, which means a confrontation is unavoidable. After the initial confusing feeling generated by hyperspace, the trusty crew gets back to their stations and the systems of the valiant ship Softpedia hum with energy ready for any surprise that the universe can spring. Once users learn how to access a command on a toolbar, they rarely continue to access the command from the menu bar. A toolbar doesn't attempt to train users just make them productive. Design conceptsĪ good menu bar is a comprehensive catalog of all the available top-level commands, whereas a good toolbar gives quick, convenient access to frequently used commands. Apply the toolbar menus pattern in the Menus guidelines instead. If your program has a toolbar without a menu bar, and most of the commands are accessible indirectly through menu buttons and split buttons, this toolbar is essentially a menu bar. If the command icons aren't high quality and aren't self-explanatory, a menu bar may be a better choice. Are the commands well represented by icons? Toolbar buttons are usually represented by icons instead of text labels (although some toolbar buttons use both), whereas menu commands are represented by their text.Can most of the commands be presented directly? That is, users interact with them using a single click? While some commands can be presented using menu buttons, presenting most commands this way undermines the efficiency of the toolbar, making a menu bar a better choice.If not, menu bars are better suited for commands that require additional input. Are most of the commands immediate? That is, are they mostly commands that don't require additional input? To be efficient, toolbars need to have a direct and immediate feel.Are there a small number of frequently used commands? Toolbars can't handle as many commands as menu bars, so they work best as a way to efficiently access a small number of frequently used commands.For secondary windows, use command buttons, menu buttons, and links instead. Is the window a primary window? Toolbars work well for primary windows, but are usually overwhelming for secondary windows.Guidelines related to menus, command buttons, and icons are presented in separate articles. For more information about toolbar varieties, see Usage patterns in this article. Some types of toolbars can be undocked, resulting in a palette window. Some toolbars are customizable, allowing users to add or remove toolbars, change their size and location, and even change their contents. In contrast to menu bars, toolbars don't have to be comprehensive or self-explanatory just quick, convenient, and efficient. Toolbars can be more efficient than menu bars because they are direct (always displayed instead of being displayed on mouse click), immediate (instead of requiring additional input) and contain the most frequently used commands (instead of a comprehensive list). Use toolbars in addition to or in place of menu bars. Toolbars are a way to group commands for efficient access. Much of the guidance still applies in principle, but the presentation and examples do not reflect our current design guidance. This design guide was created for Windows 7 and has not been updated for newer versions of Windows. |
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